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Archive for the ‘United States History’ Category

Wikigeddon Is Upon Us. Oh My!—What The SOPA/PIPA Controversy May Mean

17 Jan

 

Stop SOPA and PIPA

Stop SOPA and PIPA Logo

Wikigeddon Is Upon Us.  Oh My!—What The SOPA/PIPA Controversy May Mean

By Roger Lee, the History Guy

As the world prepares for Wikigeddon, also known as the “Blackout” of Wikipedia and Reddit, and other, less significant websites over proposed anti-piracy legislation, the question comes up, just what is SOPA and PIPA going to do to the internet if passed by Congress and signed by President Obama?

Depending on what sources you look at, these bills will either wipe out freedom on the internet, including Wikipedia, YouTube, Reddit, and many other popular sites, or, it will merely prevent off-shore websites from selling fraudulent goods by allowing courts to order domain servers to shut down those offending sites.

For proponents of SOPA and PIPA, as well as for their opponents, there appears to be no middle ground.  But what would they do if passed into law?  Not being a lawyer, I daresay I don’t really know, and most of the pundits on the internet do not know either, but they prefer not to admit that uncomfortable truth.  What I DO know about our legal and political system, is that regardless of whatever the law’s proponents say now, only the court system will actually be able to tell us what the consequences may be, and that will only happen after someone, or some internet entity, has suffered actual damages  as a result of SOPA/PIPA enforcement. 

As I sat down to weigh the pros and cons of this blackout set for January 18, I came to the conclusion that from a purely selfish point of view, the Wikipedia blackout could benefit my own website, Historyguy.com, because Wikipedia is one of Historyguy.com’s main competitors for website visitors.  Many of the historyguy.com pages are at or near the top of the Google Search Results Pages, and often, if not for Wikipedia, my pages would get the better ranking.  For example, a Google search for “Gulf War,” puts Wikipedia’s entry as the first search result, and the Historyguy.com page on the Gulf War as the second result.  If, as the naysayers predict, SOPA passes, and sites like Wikipedia are in peril, then logically, the Historyguy.com site, which is 95% original content (the rest being public domain items like the 1707 Act of Union Between England and Scotland), would benefit. 

Despite this supposition, the fact that the internet has grown and developed to the point where it now shapes daily life, lifestyles, news, politics, industry, and so much more, is largely due to the freedom of individuals to experiment, dream, and develop new ideas without fear that the government will shut them down due to a piece of legislation allegedly designed to halt online piracy, theft, and fraud.  Those problems are real, and need to be addressed by legislation designed with a more narrow and specific focus.  Congress should scrap SOPA and PIPA, return to the drawing board, and create new proposals that do not put the fear of authoritarian government crackdowns on those who publish, create, develop new ideas on the internet.  Stop SOPA!

 

 

 

Iraq War Officially Over For The U.S.

15 Dec

The End of the Iraq War Video

After Eight years and 270 days, the American War in Iraq is now officially over.  Defense Secretary Leon Panetta presided over a ceremony in Baghdad on December 15, 2011.  In reality, this war truly began when the U.S. intervened in what is now known as the First Iraq War (1990-1991), and then continued with the ongoing No-Fly Zone War (1991-2003) against Saddam’s Iraq. 

See also: http://www.historyguy.com/GulfWar2.html

http://www.historyguy.com/no-fly_zone_war.html

http://www.historyguy.com/GulfWar.html

 

War of 1812 Statistics Page

05 Sep

With the Bicentennial of the War of 1812 almost upon us, here is a Historyguy page on War of 1812 Statistics at http://www.historyguy.com/war_of_1812_statistics.htm

 

See also: http://www.historyguy.com/war_of_1812_links.html

 

 

Obama’s Speech on the Death of bin Laden

02 May

Below is the text of President Obama’s Speech announcing the death of Osama bin Laden.  Go to http://www.historyguy.com/obama_bin_laden_dead_speech.htm for the video of his speech and the transcript of the president’s remarks on the killing of bin Laden.

REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT ON OSAMA BIN LADEN

East Room

11:35 P.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Good evening. Tonight, I can report to the American people and to the world that the United States has conducted an operation that killed Osama bin Laden, the leader of al Qaeda, and a terrorist who’s responsible for the murder of thousands of innocent men, women, and children.

It was nearly 10 years ago that a bright September day was darkened by the worst attack on the American people in our history. The images of 9/11 are seared into our national memory — hijacked planes cutting through a cloudless September sky; the Twin Towers collapsing to the ground; black smoke billowing up from the Pentagon; the wreckage of Flight 93 in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, where the actions of heroic citizens saved even more heartbreak and destruction.

And yet we know that the worst images are those that were unseen to the world. The empty seat at the dinner table. Children who were forced to grow up without their mother or their father. Parents who would never know the feeling of their child’s embrace. Nearly 3,000 citizens taken from us, leaving a gaping hole in our hearts.

On September 11, 2001, in our time of grief, the American people came together. We offered our neighbors a hand, and we offered the wounded our blood. We reaffirmed our ties to each other, and our love of community and country. On that day, no matter where we came from, what God we prayed to, or what race or ethnicity we were, we were united as one American family.

We were also united in our resolve to protect our nation and to bring those who committed this vicious attack to justice. We quickly learned that the 9/11 attacks were carried out by al Qaeda — an organization headed by Osama bin Laden, which had openly declared war on the United States and was committed to killing innocents in our country and around the globe. And so we went to war against al Qaeda to protect our citizens, our friends, and our allies.

Over the last 10 years, thanks to the tireless and heroic work of our military and our counterterrorism professionals, we’ve made great strides in that effort. We’ve disrupted terrorist attacks and strengthened our homeland defense. In Afghanistan, we removed the Taliban government, which had given bin Laden and al Qaeda safe haven and support. And around the globe, we worked with our friends and allies to capture or kill scores of al Qaeda terrorists, including several who were a part of the 9/11 plot.

Yet Osama bin Laden avoided capture and escaped across the Afghan border into Pakistan. Meanwhile, al Qaeda continued to operate from along that border and operate through its affiliates across the world.

And so shortly after taking office, I directed Leon Panetta, the director of the CIA, to make the killing or capture of bin Laden the top priority of our war against al Qaeda, even as we continued our broader efforts to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat his network.

Then, last August, after years of painstaking work by our intelligence community, I was briefed on a possible lead to bin Laden. It was far from certain, and it took many months to run this thread to ground. I met repeatedly with my national security team as we developed more information about the possibility that we had located bin Laden hiding within a compound deep inside of Pakistan. And finally, last week, I determined that we had enough intelligence to take action, and authorized an operation to get Osama bin Laden and bring him to justice.

Today, at my direction, the United States launched a targeted operation against that compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. A small team of Americans carried out the operation with extraordinary courage and capability. No Americans were harmed. They took care to avoid civilian casualties. After a firefight, they killed Osama bin Laden and took custody of his body.

For over two decades, bin Laden has been al Qaeda’s leader and symbol, and has continued to plot attacks against our country and our friends and allies. The death of bin Laden marks the most significant achievement to date in our nation’s effort to defeat al Qaeda.

Yet his death does not mark the end of our effort. There’s no doubt that al Qaeda will continue to pursue attacks against us. We must –- and we will — remain vigilant at home and abroad.

As we do, we must also reaffirm that the United States is not –- and never will be -– at war with Islam. I’ve made clear, just as President Bush did shortly after 9/11, that our war is not against Islam. Bin Laden was not a Muslim leader; he was a mass murderer of Muslims. Indeed, al Qaeda has slaughtered scores of Muslims in many countries, including our own. So his demise should be welcomed by all who believe in peace and human dignity.

Over the years, I’ve repeatedly made clear that we would take action within Pakistan if we knew where bin Laden was. That is what we’ve done. But it’s important to note that our counterterrorism cooperation with Pakistan helped lead us to bin Laden and the compound where he was hiding. Indeed, bin Laden had declared war against Pakistan as well, and ordered attacks against the Pakistani people.

Tonight, I called President Zardari, and my team has also spoken with their Pakistani counterparts. They agree that this is a good and historic day for both of our nations. And going forward, it is essential that Pakistan continue to join us in the fight against al Qaeda and its affiliates.

The American people did not choose this fight. It came to our shores, and started with the senseless slaughter of our citizens. After nearly 10 years of service, struggle, and sacrifice, we know well the costs of war. These efforts weigh on me every time I, as Commander-in-Chief, have to sign a letter to a family that has lost a loved one, or look into the eyes of a service member who’s been gravely wounded.

So Americans understand the costs of war. Yet as a country, we will never tolerate our security being threatened, nor stand idly by when our people have been killed. We will be relentless in defense of our citizens and our friends and allies. We will be true to the values that make us who we are. And on nights like this one, we can say to those families who have lost loved ones to al Qaeda’s terror: Justice has been done.

Tonight, we give thanks to the countless intelligence and counterterrorism professionals who’ve worked tirelessly to achieve this outcome. The American people do not see their work, nor know their names. But tonight, they feel the satisfaction of their work and the result of their pursuit of justice.

We give thanks for the men who carried out this operation, for they exemplify the professionalism, patriotism, and unparalleled courage of those who serve our country. And they are part of a generation that has borne the heaviest share of the burden since that September day.

Finally, let me say to the families who lost loved ones on 9/11 that we have never forgotten your loss, nor wavered in our commitment to see that we do whatever it takes to prevent another attack on our shores.

And tonight, let us think back to the sense of unity that prevailed on 9/11. I know that it has, at times, frayed. Yet today’s achievement is a testament to the greatness of our country and the determination of the American people.

The cause of securing our country is not complete. But tonight, we are once again reminded that America can do whatever we set our mind to. That is the story of our history, whether it’s the pursuit of prosperity for our people, or the struggle for equality for all our citizens; our commitment to stand up for our values abroad, and our sacrifices to make the world a safer place.

Let us remember that we can do these things not just because of wealth or power, but because of who we are: one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

Thank you. May God bless you. And may God bless the United States of America.

Source:

http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-dead

http://www.historyguy.com/obama_bin_laden_dead_speech.htm

 

U.S. Government Shutdowns History

08 Apr

http://www.historyguy.com/government_shutdown_history.htm

Below is a chart showing the last 18 shutdowns of the United States Federal Government since 1976

Year Date Government Shutdown Began Full day(s) of Government Shutdown Date Government Shutdown Ended
    of gaps  
1976 Thursday 09-30-76 10 Monday 10-11-76
1977 Friday 09-30-77 12 Thursday 10-13-17
1977 Monday 10-31-77 8 Wednesday 11-09-77
1977 Wednesday 11-30-77 8 Friday 12-09-77
1978 Saturday 09-30-78 17 Wednesday 10-18-78
1979 Sunday 09-30-79 11 Friday 10-12-79
1981 Friday 11-20-81 2 Monday 11-23-81
1982 Thursday 9-30-82 1 Saturday 10-2-82
1982 Friday 12-17-82 3 Tuesday 12-21-82
1983 Thursday 11-10-83 3 Monday 11-14-83
1984 Sunday 9-30-84 2 Wednesday 10-3-84
1984 Wednesday 10-3-84 1 Friday 10-5-84
1986 Thursday 10-16-86 1 Saturday 10-18-86
1987 Friday 12-18-87 1 Sunday 12-20-87
1990 Friday 10-5-90 3 Tuesday 10-9-90
1995 Monday 11-13-95 5 Sunday 11-19-95
1995-1996 Friday 12-15-95 21 Saturday 1-6-96

As of Friday, April 8, 2011, President Obama and the Republican leadeship in the House of Representatives had failed to reach a budget agreement that would prevent the first Federal Government Shutdown of the 21st Century. Stay tuned for more details.

Source: The Congressional Research Service Report 98-844: Shutdown of the Federal Government:

Causes, Effects, and Process

 

Second Seminole Indian War

27 Feb

New page on the Second Seminole War is now online. http://www.historyguy.com/indian_wars/second_seminole_war.htm

The Second Seminole War Began: December 23, 1835

TheSecond Seminole War Ended: August 14, 1842

The Second Seminole War Was Fought Between: United States vs. Seminole Indians of Florida

The Second Seminole War Resulted In: Seminole Indians were allowed to remain in South Florida, though some were encouraged to move West. In effect, the Army could not defeat the Seminoles, and they were allowed to remain in place.

Major Battles and Campaigns of the Second Seminole War:

“Dade Massacre” (December 28, 1835)Gaines’ Expedition (1836)

Scott’s Expedition (1836)

Battle of Hatchee-Lustee (1837)

Battle of Lake Okeechobee (December 25, 1837)

Battle of Loxahatchee (January 24, 1838)

“Harney Massacre” (July 23, 1839)

Second Seminole War Casualties:

Seminole Casualties: Unnknown (Seminoles usually carried away their dead and wounded)

U.S. Military Casualties: 1,600 (approximately)  

 

Sources:1. Kohn, George C. Dictionary of Wars. New York: Facts On File Publications. 1999.

2. Dupuy, R. Ernest and Trevor N. Dupey. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present New York, New York: Harper & Row. 1993

Free Military History Webinar Opportunity:
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Dionne’s Editorial on the American Civil War is Correct

27 Dec

A recent editorial by Washington Post columnist E.J. Dionne, Don’t Spin The Civil War, is a fact and data-filled piece that reiterates the need to remember the real reason the United States fought a bloody, and ultimately victorious and righteous Civil War (note that it is rightly called the “Civil War,” not the ” War Between the States.”)  Dionne’s piece backs up the post on this website denouncing the upcoming re-enactment of Jefferson Davis’s oath of office by pro-Southern re-enactors who want to (pardon the pun) white-wash history by spouting the usual blather about the reasons for the Civil War.  Secession and the war were driven by the slavery issue, not states’ rights.  Read Dionne’s piece for some good information on this ongoing problem with the pro-Confederate attempt to revise the history of the American Civil War.

 

Re-Enactment of Jefferson Davis’ Inauguration Re-Enacts Treason and Evil

22 Dec

Civil re-enactors plan to re-create Jefferson Davis’s Oath of Office on that event’s 150th anniversary.  This is akin to a pack of Neo-Nazis in Germany planning to re-enact the Nuremburg Rallies or a re-enactment of Benedict Arnold’s betrayal of the Patriots in the American Revolution. 

Jefferson Davis led a rebellion against the constitutionally-elected government of the United States.  The moment he took the Confederate oath of office, he marked himself and all of his followers as illegitimate traitors to all that the United States of America stood for then, and stands for today.  Re-enacting significant battles from American history is one thing, but Davis’ swearing in as the Confederate leader is re-enacting a political act; specifically a political act that sought to preserve the “right” of rich white men to own other human beings as property.  Many Confederate apologists argue that the southern secession and the Civil War are about the legitimate political concept of States’ Rights, or the sanctity of property, or a response to the economic inequality between the North and the South. 

The bare truth is that secession and war were about slavery, and that Jefferson Davis’ inauguration as the leader of an attempted country based on the blood and sweat of enslaved man and women was a ceremony as evil and malicious as Hitler’s Nuremburg rallies.  Slavery was the American Holocaust, stretched out over hundreds of years rather than Hitler’s 12 years of tyranny. 

Re-enacting the ultimate act of treason by America’s ultimate traitor is a political act (rightfully protected by the constitution Davis rejected), that will mark the re-enactors as ill-thinking racists who pine for an earlier era when African-Americans were subservient and without rights.  Do you think these re-enactors voted for a black man to occupy the White House?  I kinda doubt it.

Read the article from The Houston Chronicle, Dec. 22, 2010:

Hundreds of Civil War re-enactors will parade up Montgomery’s main street to the state Capitol on Feb. 19 to recreate the swearing-in of Confederate President Jefferson Davis 150 years ago.

African-American leaders might protest nearby with a message that the Confederacy should be remembered with shame for trying to keep blacks enslaved rather than with celebration.

Organizers say they are not trying to create controversy.   Read the rest of the article from The Houston Chronicle,